Physics — Engineering Board Exam Reviewer

200 free Physics practice questions for the Philippine Engineering Board Exam, each with the correct answer and a worked solution.

The particle that has no electric charge and is found in the nucleus is the:
A semiconductor doped with a pentavalent impurity such as phosphorus is called:
The magnetic field lines around a long straight current-carrying wire are:
Connecting cells in series increases the:
The electric field inside a charged hollow conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is:
In a standing wave, the points of zero displacement are called:
The phenomenon responsible for the colors seen in soap bubbles and oil films is:
Which quantity remains unchanged when light passes from air into glass?
The total mechanical energy of a body in simple harmonic motion is proportional to:
When a skater pulls in her arms while spinning, her angular velocity increases because of conservation of:
Two objects of different masses are dropped from the same height in a vacuum. Which reaches the ground first?
An object moving in a circle at constant speed has:
What is the average translational kinetic energy of a gas molecule at 300 K? (kB = 1.381 × 10-23 J/K)
What is the rms speed of oxygen molecules (M = 32 g/mol) at 300 K? (R = 8.314 J/mol· K)
A steel bar is rigidly fixed at both ends and heated by 40 °C. What thermal stress develops? ( = 12 × 10-6 /° C, E = 200 GPa)
An aluminum block has a volume of 1000 cm3 at 20 °C. What is the change in volume when heated to 100 ° C? ( = 23 × 10-6 /° C)
A steel rail 50 m long is heated from 10 °C to 40 °C. How much does it expand? ( = 12 × 10-6 /° C)
A spaceship travels at 0.8c relative to Earth. A clock on the ship measures 10 years. How much time elapses on Earth?
In the Bohr model of hydrogen (En = -13.6/n2 eV), how much energy is emitted when an electron drops from n = 2 to n = 1?
What is the decay constant of an isotope with a half-life of 8 days?
A fossil contains 25% of the carbon-14 found in living organisms. If the half-life of C-14 is 5730 years, how old is the fossil?
A sample contains 80 g of a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 10 years. How much remains after 30 years?
A radioactive sample has a half-life of 5 days. What fraction remains after 20 days?
How much energy is equivalent to 1 g of mass? (c = 3 × 108 m/s)
What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron moving at 1 × 106 m/s? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J· s, me = 9.109 × 10-31 kg)
Light of wavelength 400 nm falls on a metal with a work function of 2.3 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected…
What is the energy of a photon with a wavelength of 500 nm? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J· s, c = 3 × 108 m/s)
A series RL circuit has R = 30 and XL = 40 . What is the power factor?
A series RL circuit has R = 30 and XL = 40 connected to a 220 V AC supply. What is the current?
What is the resonant frequency of a series LC circuit with L = 10 mH and C = 1 F?
What is the capacitive reactance of a 100 F capacitor at 60 Hz?
What is the inductive reactance of a 0.1 H inductor at 60 Hz?
An ideal step-down transformer converts 220 V to 22 V. If the secondary current is 10 A, what is the primary current?
A transformer has 500 primary turns and 50 secondary turns. If the primary voltage is 220 V, what is the secondary voltage?
A 0.5 m conductor moves at 10 m/s perpendicular to a 0.4 T magnetic field. What emf is induced across its ends?
A solenoid 0.5 m long has 1000 turns and carries 2 A. What is the magnetic field inside it? ( 0 = 4π × 10-7 T· m/A)
What is the magnetic field 5 cm from a long straight wire carrying 10 A? ( 0 = 4π × 10-7 T· m/A)
An electron moves at 1 × 107 m/s perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.01 T. What is the radius of its circular path? (me = 9.109…
A proton moves at 2 × 106 m/s perpendicular to a magnetic field of 0.1 T. What is the magnetic force on it? (e = 1.602 × 10-19 C)
A wire 0.2 m long carries a current of 10 A perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. What is the force on the wire?
A battery has an emf of 12 V and an internal resistance of 0.5 . What is the maximum power it can deliver to an external load?
A battery with an emf of 12 V and an internal resistance of 0.5 delivers a current of 2 A. What is its terminal voltage?
A capacitor is charged through a resistor from a 12 V source. What is the capacitor voltage after one time constant?
What is the time constant of an RC circuit with R = 10 k and C = 100 F?
A parallel-plate capacitor in air has plates of area 0.01 m2 separated by 1 mm. What is its capacitance? ( 0 = 8.85 × 10-12 F/m)
How much energy is stored in a 10 F capacitor charged to 12 V?
What is the equivalent capacitance of 4 F and 6 F capacitors connected in series?
A 1.5 kW air conditioner runs 4 hours a day for 30 days. At ₱11 per kWh, what is the monthly cost?
A 1.5 kW electric heater is used for 2 hours. How much energy does it consume?
A copper wire has a resistance of 10 at 20 °C. What is its resistance at 80 ° C? ( = 0.0039 /° C)
A wire is stretched uniformly to twice its original length. Its resistance becomes:
Three resistors of 4 , 4 and 2 are connected in parallel, and the combination is in series with a 3 resistor across a 12 V battery. What…
Three resistors of 2 , 3 and 5 are connected in series across a 20 V source. What is the current?
What is the equivalent resistance of 6 and 3 resistors connected in parallel?
A 100 W bulb operates at 220 V. What current does it draw?
What power is dissipated by a resistor of 10 carrying a current of 2 A?
A 12 V battery is connected across a 4 resistor. What current flows?
An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 1000 V. What kinetic energy does it gain?
How much work is required to move a 2 C charge through a potential difference of 500 V?
What is the electric field strength 30 cm from a point charge of 5 nC? (k = 8.99 × 109 N· m2/C2)
If the distance between two charges is halved, the electrostatic force between them becomes:
What is the force between two point charges of 2 C and 3 C separated by 10 cm in air? (k = 8.99 × 109 N· m2/C2)
Polarized light of intensity I0 passes through a polarizer whose axis makes 60° with the light's plane of polarization. What is the…
In Young's double-slit experiment, light of wavelength 600 nm passes through slits 0.2 mm apart onto a screen 1 m away. What is the…
Two thin lenses with focal lengths of +20 cm and −50 cm are placed in contact. What is the power of the combination?
A concave mirror has a radius of curvature of 40 cm. What is its focal length?
A lens has a focal length of +25 cm. What is its power?
An object is placed 10 cm in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm. Describe the image.
An object is placed 30 cm in front of a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Where is the image formed?
What is the speed of light in water (n = 1.33)?
What is the critical angle for light traveling from glass (n = 1.5) to air?
Light passes from air (n = 1.0) into glass (n = 1.5) at an angle of incidence of 40°. What is the angle of refraction?
If the intensity of a sound increases by a factor of 100, the intensity level increases by:
What is the sound intensity level of a sound with an intensity of 10-5 W/m2? (reference I0 = 10-12 W/m2)
A string 0.8 m long with a linear density of 0.01 kg/m is under a tension of 100 N. What is its fundamental frequency?
What is the fundamental frequency of a pipe 0.5 m long that is closed at one end? (speed of sound = 343 m/s)
What is the fundamental frequency of an open pipe (open at both ends) 0.5 m long? (speed of sound = 343 m/s)
A stationary source emits 500 Hz. An observer moves toward the source at 20 m/s. What frequency is heard? (speed of sound = 343 m/s)
An ambulance siren emits 500 Hz while approaching a stationary observer at 30 m/s. What frequency does the observer hear? (speed of sound…
Thunder is heard 5 s after a lightning flash is seen. Approximately how far away was the lightning? (speed of sound = 343 m/s)
A person hears an echo 3 s after shouting toward a cliff. If sound travels at 340 m/s, how far is the cliff?
A wave has a period of 0.02 s. What is its frequency?
A wave has a frequency of 500 Hz and a wavelength of 0.68 m. What is its speed?
What is the orbital speed of a satellite in a circular orbit just above the Earth's surface? (g = 9.81 m/s2, R = 6371 km)
What is the escape velocity from the Earth's surface? (g = 9.81 m/s2, R = 6371 km)
What is the acceleration due to gravity at a height above the Earth's surface equal to the Earth's radius? (g at surface = 9.81 m/s2)
If the distance between two masses is doubled, the gravitational force between them becomes:
A shaft transmits a torque of 200 N· m at 1500 rpm. What power is transmitted?
A force of 50 N is applied tangentially to the rim of a wheel of radius 0.4 m. What torque is produced?
A solid cylinder rolls without slipping down a 30° incline. What is its linear acceleration? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
A flywheel with a moment of inertia of 0.45 kg· m2 rotates at 1200 rpm. What is its rotational kinetic energy?
What is the moment of inertia of a solid disk of mass 10 kg and radius 0.3 m about its central axis?
A 20 g bullet moving at 300 m/s embeds itself in a 2 kg wooden block hanging as a ballistic pendulum. How high does the block rise? (g =…
A ball dropped from a height of 2 m rebounds with a coefficient of restitution of 0.8. How high does it rise after the first bounce?
A 2 kg ball moving at 5 m/s makes a head-on, perfectly elastic collision with a stationary 3 kg ball. What is the velocity of the 3 kg…
A 2000 kg truck moving at 10 m/s collides with a stationary 1000 kg car and they stick together. What percentage of the initial kinetic…
A 2000 kg truck moving at 10 m/s collides with a stationary 1000 kg car, and they stick together. What is their common velocity just after…
A bat delivers an impulse of 13.5 N· s to a ball during a contact time of 5 ms. What is the average force on the ball?
A 0.15 kg ball moving at 40 m/s is hit back in the opposite direction at 50 m/s. What is the magnitude of the impulse on the ball?
What is the momentum of a 0.15 kg ball moving at 40 m/s?
A motor exerts a constant force of 2000 N to move a load at a steady 15 m/s. What power does it deliver?
A 60 kg person runs up a flight of stairs 4 m high in 6 s. What average power is developed? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
How much elastic potential energy is stored in a spring of stiffness 400 N/m when compressed by 10 cm?
What is the kinetic energy of a 1500 kg car moving at 90 km/h?
How much work is required to lift a 20 kg mass vertically through 3 m at constant speed? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
A force of 100 N pulls a box 5 m along a floor. The force makes an angle of 60° with the direction of motion. How much work is done by the…
A 2 kg mass on a spring (k = 200 N/m) oscillates with an amplitude of 0.1 m. What is its maximum speed?
A 0.5 kg mass on a spring of stiffness 800 N/m oscillates freely. What is the natural frequency in hertz?
What length should a simple pendulum have for a period of 2 s (a 'seconds pendulum')? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
What is the period of a simple pendulum 1.5 m long? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
What minimum speed must a bucket of water have at the top of a vertical circle of radius 2 m so that the water does not fall out? (g =…
At what angle should a curve of radius 100 m be banked so that a car traveling at 25 m/s needs no friction? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
What minimum coefficient of static friction is needed for a car to round a flat curve of radius 50 m at 20 m/s without skidding? (g = 9.81…
A 1000 kg car rounds a flat curve of radius 50 m at 20 m/s. What centripetal force is required?
A 70 kg person stands on a scale in an elevator accelerating upward at 2 m/s2. What does the scale read? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
Two masses of 5 kg and 3 kg hang on either side of a frictionless, massless pulley. What is the tension in the string? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
Two masses of 5 kg and 3 kg hang on either side of a frictionless, massless pulley (Atwood machine). What is the acceleration of the…
A block slides down a 30° incline with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.2. What is its acceleration? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
A block slides down a frictionless incline of 30°. What is its acceleration? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
An astronaut weighs 735.75 N on Earth. What is the astronaut's mass on the Moon?
What is the weight of a 75 kg person on Earth? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
A flywheel starts from rest and reaches 300 rpm in 5 s with uniform angular acceleration. How many revolutions does it make during this…
A wheel of radius 0.3 m rotates at 1200 rpm. What is the linear speed of a point on its rim?
A wheel rotates at 1200 rpm. What is its angular velocity in rad/s?
A car travels from A to B at 40 km/h and returns from B to A at 60 km/h along the same road. What is its average speed for the round trip?
Convert 72 km/h to meters per second.
A ball is thrown horizontally at 25 m/s from the top of a cliff 80 m high. How far from the base of the cliff does it land? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
For a projectile launched on level ground at a fixed speed, the maximum horizontal range is obtained at a launch angle of:
A projectile is launched at 40 m/s at 30° above the horizontal on level ground. What is its horizontal range? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
A ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 30 m/s. How long is it in the air before returning to the thrower's hand? (g = 9.81…
A ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 30 m/s. What maximum height does it reach? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
An object falls freely from rest through a height of 20 m. What is its velocity just before impact? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
A vehicle moving at 20 m/s decelerates uniformly at 4 m/s2. What distance does it travel before stopping?
A car traveling at 30 m/s brakes uniformly to a stop in 6 s. What is its stopping distance?
A car accelerates uniformly from rest to 25 m/s in 10 s. How far does it travel?
A car accelerates uniformly from rest to 25 m/s in 10 s. What is its acceleration?
The coefficient of volume expansion of a solid is approximately equal to:
Linear expansion of a solid when heated is given by:
The amount of matter in a body is called its:
The phenomenon in which a system oscillates with maximum amplitude when driven at its natural frequency is called:
The scientist who proposed the three laws of motion was:
The process that powers the sun is:
The splitting of a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei is called:
A beta-minus particle is a/an:
An alpha particle is identical to a:
Einstein's mass–energy equivalence is expressed as:
The minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a metal surface is called the:
The emission of electrons from a metal surface when light shines on it is called the:
Planck's constant is approximately:
The rule used to determine the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field (motor action) is:
The magnetic force on a charge moving parallel to a magnetic field is:
A transformer works on the principle of:
A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is a:
Lenz's law states that the direction of an induced current is such that it:
A material that has zero electrical resistance below a certain critical temperature is called a:
The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its:
Kirchhoff's voltage law is based on the conservation of:
Kirchhoff's current law is based on the conservation of:
The total resistance of resistors connected in series is:
Ohm's law states that:
The charge of an electron is approximately:
The value of Coulomb's constant k is approximately:
Coulomb's law states that the force between two point charges is:
Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the longest wavelength?
The power of a lens is measured in:
The image formed by a plane mirror is:
A converging lens is also called a:
Total internal reflection can occur when light travels from:
The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately:
The separation of white light into its component colors by a prism is called:
The bending of waves around obstacles or through openings is called:
The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called:
The range of frequencies audible to the normal human ear is approximately:
The pitch of a sound is determined by its:
The loudness of sound is most closely related to its:
The apparent change in frequency due to relative motion between a source and an observer is called the:
The speed of sound in air at about 20 °C is approximately:
A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation is a:
The period of a simple pendulum (small oscillations) depends on:
Simple harmonic motion occurs when the restoring force is:
The value of the universal gravitational constant G is approximately:
Kepler's third law states that the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to:
Kepler's first law states that planets move in:
The force that keeps a body moving in a circular path is called:
The work–energy theorem states that the net work done on a body equals its change in:
The coefficient of restitution for a perfectly inelastic collision is:
Impulse is equal to the:
The rate of change of momentum of a body is equal to:
The property of a body to resist changes in its state of motion is called:
Newton's third law states that:
The SI unit of magnetic flux is the:
The SI unit of magnetic flux density is the:
The SI unit of inductance is the:
The SI unit of capacitance is the:
The SI unit of electric charge is the:
The SI unit of power is the:
The SI unit of force, the newton, is equivalent to:
The SI base unit of electric current is the:
Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
Which of the following is a vector quantity?