Civil Service Exam Reviewer · Logical Reasoning · hard
Consider the statements: "If the dam releases water, then the river rises. If the river rises, then the low-lying barangays are flooded." Suppose it is true that the low-lying barangays are not flooded. Which conclusion necessarily follows?
- The dam releases water.
- The low-lying barangays are flooded.
- No definite conclusion can be drawn.
- The dam does not release water.
Answer
D. The dam does not release water.
Solution
The chain gives: if the dam releases water, then the low-lying barangays are flooded. Since the low-lying barangays are not flooded, it cannot be that the dam releases water (modus tollens). Therefore, the dam does not release water.
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