Civil Service Exam Reviewer · Reading Comprehension · hard

El Niño and La Niña

El Niño and La Niña are opposite phases of a natural climate pattern in the tropical Pacific Ocean. During El Niño, surface waters in the central and eastern Pacific become warmer than usual. This shift changes wind and rainfall patterns around the world. In the Philippines, El Niño typically brings below-normal rainfall, leading to drought, lower dam levels and damaged crops. La Niña, by contrast, is marked by cooler-than-usual waters in the same region. It often brings above-normal rainfall to the Philippines, increasing the risk of floods and landslides. Neither phase is permanent; each usually lasts several months to a year or more, and there are also neutral periods in between. Because both phases affect agriculture, water supply and public health, government agencies monitor ocean temperatures closely. Early warnings allow farmers to adjust planting schedules, water utilities to manage reserves and local governments to prepare for disasters.

What can be inferred about the value of early warnings?

  1. They prevent El Niño from happening
  2. They are useful only to fishermen
  3. They allow sectors to prepare and reduce losses before the effects are felt
  4. They make neutral periods longer

Answer

C. They allow sectors to prepare and reduce losses before the effects are felt

Solution

The passage says early warnings let farmers, utilities and LGUs prepare.

More Reading Comprehension questions

  1. Which effect is associated with La Niña in the passage?
  2. As used in the passage, the word "phases" most nearly means .
  3. According to the passage, what does El Niño typically bring to the Philippines?
  4. Which statement best summarizes the passage?
  5. Why do scientists worry about more frequent marine heat waves?
  6. Which statement about bleached corals is supported by the passage?
  7. As used in the passage, the word "expel" most nearly means .
  8. According to the passage, where do corals get their colors?
  9. What is the main idea of the passage?
  10. Which conclusion is best supported by the last sentence?

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